Most companies don’t have a problem coming up with digital strategies for all areas of the business (corporate, departmental and functional). Whether these strategies are relevant or not is a discussion for another day.
But what is interesting to explore is why and how these companies fail to implement these strategies. To find out why we’ve made a list of research-based common reasons and barriers to implementing and executing digital strategies.
First, let’s look at what a digital strategy is and how it differs from tactics.
A digital strategy is looking at how your internal and external environments inform your marketing activities. It should include elements such as your target audience, existing customers, strengths and weaknesses, and your competitors.
In an ideal world, you should use data to inform and hypothesize. This will help you determine which marketing channels to use or test, your target audience, and how to communicate your message or brand.
On the other hand, tactics are what you use or the actions you take to execute your strategy. This could be testing content across social media channels, a focus on building high-quality backlinks, or trying a PPC campaign on a new audience.
The illustration below from SparkToro gives you an idea of the difference in strategy and tactics for B2C and B2B companies.
Now you know what a digital strategy is, let’s look at 15 ways they can fail.
Implementing a strategy is often a complex and challenging process that requires careful planning, coordination, and execution. It’s not as simple as coming up with an idea and hoping it will fall into place.
Not all strategies are successful, and even well-crafted strategies can fail due to a variety of factors, such as changes in the market, internal resistance to change, or the strategy was just not good enough.
Strategic execution is an ongoing process that requires continuous monitoring, adaptation, and adjustment in order to be effective. The plans are there for a reason, but it is often the case that conditions change and the organization needs an agile approach to accommodate these changes.
Strategy implementation requires the participation and engagement of all employees, from the front line to the C-Suite. The managers and supervisors who drive implementation should be the ones with the most input due to their natural link to strategy formulators at the top and the actual executors spread out across the organization.
Strategy implementation is not a linear process, it often contains loops and iterations, and may require multiple rounds of testing and experimentation.
Strategy implementation is not only operational, it also has a strategic and cultural dimension. A change in mindset and culture may be required, especially those mentioned here that act as an obstacle to implementation.
Even with a solid strategy, it is not guaranteed to be successful and other factors such as the execution and the external environment can affect the outcome.
Without a clear understanding of what the organization hopes to achieve and how it plans to achieve it, it is difficult for employees to make informed decisions about how to proceed. Remember, communicating a strategy does not necessarily mean that it has been understood. Find out how to ‘Be a Communication Powerhouse’ for tips in this area.
Simply communicating a strategy to all stakeholders is not enough. A strategy needs to be aligned across departments, levels, and business units for effective and successful implementation.
Some strategies fail because they were never fully formulated. It is often easier to blame the execution of a strategy rather than admit that the strategy was vague or problematic from the start.
A strategy being implemented may sit uneasily alongside others being implemented across the organization. This can lead to contradictions, confusion, or employee burnout from dealing with too many initiatives.
When the right metrics are not used to monitor and understand how a strategy is progressing, it leads to errors in implementation. Without understanding progress, it is difficult to identify successes and failures.
Those heavily invested in strategy execution tend to want to see results. When results are expected too quickly and do not materialize as planned, it is often the case that people will abandon the execution or make knee-jerk adjustments.
Even when a strategy is well-communicated, understood, and aligned across an organization, some stakeholders might be resistant to the idea behind the strategy or simply resistant to change.
When organizations implement major strategies, they tend to forget that these strategies might affect normal procedures in the organization. It is often the case that managers and employees get caught up in coping with the changes and ignore the ongoing implementation.
In addition, Candido and Santos (2019) found that it is often the case that barriers to strategy implementation are related. Their work has found that “the evidence gathered from the case study, strongly suggests that the occurrence of an obstacle will probably generate another related impediment, which in turn may generate another and another, leading to a ‘coherent’ chain of obstacles, acting together and reinforcing each other” .
So, we can anticipate that when one of the barriers arises, more are likely to emerge. This can be due to the link between the barriers, or because of management failure.
A great example of a digital strategy causing chaos is the not-so-successful implementation of a new app.
The fast food giant introduced the app as part of a technology update to introduce a new menu and allow delivery and curbside pickup. However, the LA Times reported that its ‘Experience of the Future’ initiative resulted in employees handling more tasks (without pay raises or adequate staffing) resulting in people quitting their jobs.
Plus, it also resulted in customers having to wait longer for their orders – surely not something McDonald’s wanted when bringing in this new technology.
According to one McDonald’s worker, Westley Williams, “It’s more stressful now. When we mess up a little bit because we’re getting used to something new, we get yelled at.”
Since its launch, the McDonald’s app has seen 40 million downloads, way above the competition in the quick-service restaurant category. These downloads have been boosted by offers and celebrity tie ins in its Famous Orders collaborations.
In 2023, McDonald’s move to become more ‘nimble’ will see job cuts in the company and a move to expand and have branches that are both traditional and to-go only sales according to the Wall Street Journal. How staff feels about this move is unclear at the moment.
Now that you know what not to do, how can you implement a strategy successfully? Let’s look at 5 simple but effective tips.
The first step is to clarify your strategy so that people in your organization will understand why it is needed and how it directly involves them. This will help you gain buy-in from all levels in the organization.
Communicating your strategy helps people understand the big picture and ensures successful collaboration. Use internal blogs and message boards, podcasts, and department meetings to communicate what the strategy is and how that strategy informs everybody’s work.
If strategy is ‘what’ you do, then tactics are ‘how’ you do it. If you want your strategy to be implemented well, break down tactics into small, practical, and achievable steps.
This follows on from the above point. Once you have split your strategy into simple steps, communicate those steps and assign them to the relevant people. There should also be space created for people to ask questions and discuss all elements.
Digital strategies require some technology to drive implementation. Ensure you have the right technologies in place to not only facilitate the strategy and ensure each element can ‘talk to each other’ but also to help staff communicate and brainstorm using online tools.
Strategy implementation is a complex and challenging process that requires careful planning, coordination, and execution. But as we’ve seen, the biggest barriers to successful implementation and execution are all internal. So, even when planning and coordination are done correctly, management failures and problematic mindsets and cultures will still act as barriers to successful implementation.
But by following these tips, you can increase the chances of successfully implementing any digital strategy and achieve the goals of your organization.
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